What is Rhinocort?
Rhinocort is a glucocorticoid (a synthetic analogue of the hormone of the adrenal cortex that regulates carbohydrate and mineral metabolism) for topical use. It has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects. Indications for use include seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, prevention of nasal polyp growth after polypectomy, non-infectious inflammatory processes in the nasal cavity.
Mechanism of action
The drug has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects; increases the production of lipocortin, which is an inhibitor of phospholipase A2; inhibits the release of arachidonic acid; inhibits the synthesis of products of the metabolism of arachidonic acid – cyclic endoperexia and Pg; prevents neutrophil marginal accumulation; reduces inflammatory exudation and cytokine production; inhibits macrophage migration; reduces the intensity of infiltration and granulation processes, the formation of chemotaxis substance (which explains the effectiveness in “late” allergy reactions); inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells (an “immediate” allergic reaction), which plays a significant role in the occurrence of nasal symptoms of allergic origin and the development of chronic rhinitis.
Rhinocort is well tolerated with long-term treatment, does not possess MKS activity, and has practically no resorptive effect.
The therapeutic effect develops in 2-21 days.
How to use Rhinocort?
Dosage: 2 doses of 50 mcg in each nasal passage 2 times a day. Maintenance dose – 1 dose in each nasal passage 2 times a day or 2 doses in each nasal passage 1 time a day, in the morning. Once you’ve achieved the clinical effect, the dose can be reduced.
The maximum single dose is 200 mcg (100 mcg in each nasal passage), the maximum daily dose is 400 mcg. The duration of treatment should not exceed 3 months. If you miss a dose, it should be taken as soon as possible, but not less than 1 hour before taking the next dose.
Side effects
Rhinocort is usually tolerated well but in rare cases it may cause side effects: burning sensation, dryness, irritation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, rhinorrhea, nasal bleeding, sneezing, sore throat, headache, sore throat, allergic reactions (including dermatitis, rash, rash); rarely – atrophy of the mucous membrane, ulceration of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, perforation of the nasal septum, conjunctival hyperemia, increased intraocular pressure, myalgia, drowsiness, cough, anosmia, nausea, vomiting, gastralgia, palpitations, nasal congestion, nasal candidiasis, and uterine candidiasis.
Symptoms of chronic overdose may include acne, Cushing’s syndrome, dysmenorrhea. In this case, the drug should be canceled gradually.
Contraindications
Do not use Rhinocort if you have any oа the following diseases/conditions:
- рypersensitivity,
- fungal, bacterial and viral infections of the respiratory system,
- pulmonary tuberculosis,
- pregnancy,
- lactation period,
- age up to 18 years.
With caution: recent surgical interventions in the nasal cavity, recent trauma of the nose.
Interactions
Budesonide can interact with phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampicin, methandrostenolone, estrogens, ketoconazole. The joint use is not recommended.
Special instructions
The use of Rhinocort during pregnancy is possible if the benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.
Budesonide is excreted in breast milk, however, when using the drug in therapeutic doses, the effect on the child was not observed. When prescribing budesonide to breastfeeding women, it is necessary to consider the therapeutic benefit of the drug for the mother in relation to the possible risk to the baby.
Eye contact should be avoided.
To achieve a therapeutic effect in allergic rhinitis, you need to use the drug regularly.